Today is the 450th anniversary of the birth of the good looking young feller above, who also happens to be one of the most remarkable Scots that few, if any of us have ever heard of.
James Crichton was born during the most volatile time in Scottish history, a period of religious suppression, conflict and civil disquiet, which still has reverberations in contemporary Scotland.
His birth on August 19th 1560, came on the very day that Mary Queen of Scots arrived at Leith, and a few days before the Parliament of Scotland, passed legislation abolishing Catholicism and replacing it with the Reformed church.
John Knox and five of his tartan Taliban crew drew up a new confession of faith, which was presented to the Scottish Parliament, voted upon and ratified. On a roll, John Knox and his fellow fundamentalists had three acts passed in one day; they abolished the jurisdiction of the Papacy in Scotland, condemned all doctrine and practise contrary to the reformed faith and lastly forbade the celebration of Mass throughout Scotland, at pain of punishment by exceedingly gnarly public death.
Elizabeth the 1st of England rejoiced and Knox led a service of thanksgiving in the High Kirk, St Giles' in Edinburgh, denouncing the new young Queen Mary as a bit of a slapper, who wore inappropriate clothing, did a bit of risqué dancing and was known to be familiar with the more carnal sides of life.
Crichton's father, Robert, was the Lord Advocate and had been loyal to Mary's late mother, Mary of Guise, his mother was connected to the Catholic Stewart family. So, not a good time to belong to the Catholic nobility in the early days of fundamentalist Scotland.
None of this, however, gives any clues as to why I regard James Crichton as a remarkable chappy. His father sent him off to Saint Andrews University at age ten, the following year all of his lands were forfeited and he was sent off to Edinburgh Castle to ruminate on the folly of supporting the rightful Queen. Young James cast this from his mind and with a prodigious talent, in what was then truly a curriculum of excellence, flew through his studies. Already regarded as a bit of a child genius, aged 12 and under the tutelage of the highest regarded professor in Europe, Scotsman George Buchanan he passed his Bachelor of Arts degree. Two year later and shortly after his 14th birthday he received his degree as Master of Arts. Unlike today's students, he opted to avoid a gap year ripping off poor foreigners and continued his studies, soon he had mastered the sciences and philosophies and had added TEN languages to his masterful tongue.
As was the fashion of the day, his father (now out of the pokey) sent him off to Europe to further enhance his knowledge. According to Scottish historian Patrick Francis Tytler, he added mastery of riding and the martial art of its day, fencing. He became known as one of the most expert and fearless swordsman of his time. Add to this panoply of prodigious talent an ear for a tune, and the ability to carry a note and you had the all round renaissance teenager.
Fairly and excellently endowed he embarked upon his travels arriving in Paris at a time when the royal court enjoyed disputations in public where learned sorts could indulge in battles of wit on subjects modern and archaic. Crichton reared on a first class education and armed with that particularly Scottish tradition of a good flyte, leapt into cerebral warfare.

Sir Thomas Urquhart who had translated Rabelais into English, was Crichton's first biographer. He described how the young Crichton posted challenges to literary and philosophical warfare around the most prominent places of the city. He challenged those with questions to present themselves at the College of Navarre "in any science, liberal art, discipline or faculty, whether practical or theoretic; and in any one of twelve specified languages..."
A challenge of this complexity from so young a man couldn't fail to get the tongues wagging and soon it was the talk of French academia and the aristocracy. Come the day he slaughtered his opponents, he received the praise and congratulations of the most eminent professors at the University.What increased his triumph and embittered those he defeated was the nonchalance, the ease with which he batted away their questions and his utter disdain for preparation.
This was the making of him at the French court, soon he was conquering the ladies and winning jousting tournaments. His ability over many disciplines earned him the soubriquet, the Admirable Crichton. He finished his studies and left the University of Paris to join the French army, wherein he served for two years in the Civil War and became an experienced officer and rose to an honourable command.
After two years in France, itchy feet overtook him and he travelled to Rome, where in front of the Pope he repeated his challenge, bettering the professors of Rome, Padua, Venice and Genoa.
Invited to Venice, where he began to publish poetry, an account from the archives of the Doges Palace contain the following tract by his friend the printer Aldus Manutius:
“A.D. 1580 (Register, Council of Ten and the Zonta or Junta of the Ten), 19 August.—A young Scotchman has arrived in this city, by name Giacomo Critonio (James Crichton), of very noble lineage (from what one hears about his quality); and from what has been clearly seen by divers proofs and trials made with very learned and scientific men, and especially by a Latin oration which he delivered this morning extempore in our college—of most rare and singular ability [virtù]. In such wise, that not being above twenty years of age, or but a little more, he astounds and surprises everybody. A thing which in like manner as it is altogether extraordinary, and beyond what nature usually produces, so ought it extraordinarily to induce this council to make some courteous demonstration towards so marvellous a personage; most especially as from accidents and foul fortune which have befallen him, he is in very straitened circumstances: Wherefore, it will be put to the ballot, that of the monies of the chest of this Council there be given to the said Crichton, a Scottish gentleman, one hundred golden crowns. Ayes, 22; noes, 2; neutrals, 4.”
Beset by money problems and according to various sources suffering from ill health, we next find Crichton in Mantua. Where he defeats a professional duellist/assassin, inspired by the newly created Comedia del Arte he writes a comedy and performs in it and is engaged as companion and preceptor to the Duke of Mantua's son Vincenzo Gonzaga.
Italian sources describe Vincenzo as being insanely jealous of Crichton, not merely because of his prodigious talents but also the fact that the Admirable Crichton had replaced Vincenzo as the lover of the princes former mistress...
Accounts of the day record that Crichton was returning from a night of carnal shenanigans with his mistress, strumming his guitar, when he was set upon by a gang of masked villains. Besting them all at swordplay he unmasks their leader only to discover that he is Vincenzo, the Prince of Mantua.
Affected by the deepest concern, Crichton drops to one knee and presents his sword to his master's son. Vincenzo, who was rumoured to be impotent, having sent an expedition to the new world to seek out a legendary aphrodisiac, took the Admirable Crichton's sword and plunged it through his heart, killing him instantly. Crichton was mere weeks away from his 23rd birthday.
The plaque below can be found inside St Bride's Parish Church in Sanquhar, near by his birthplace of Eliock.